Excerpt

This volume draws together our findings from this extensive study while also drawing upon existing research concerning the global competitiveness challenge and the policies and programs that drive it. The report is in two parts. Part I describes the role of innovation in addressing the competitiveness challenge and highlights key policies and programs that leading nations and regions are undertaking to address this challenge. Part I concludes with the Committee’s consensus findings and recommendations. Part II of this report provides supporting data, including in-depth case studies of policies and programs being promulgated in leading nations and regions of the world to accelerate innovation, grow new industries, and foster knowledge-based economic growth. The Overview at the front of this volume draws together the key points.

Contents

• THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
• Committee on Comparative National Innovation Policies: Best Practice for the 21^st Century
• Project Staff
• Board on Science, Technology and Economic Policy (STEP)
• Preface
• Overview
  • THE NEW INNOVATION LANDSCAPE
  • RISING TO THE CHALLENGE
  • CONCLUSION
• I. THE INNOVATION CHALLENGE
  • 1. The Innovation Challenge
    • AMERICA’S INNOVATION CHALLENGES
    • NEW TRENDS IN GLOBAL INNOVATION
    • THE PILLARS OF U.S. INNOVATIVE STRENGTH
    • RESPONDING TO THE INNOVATION CHALLENGE
  • 2. Sustaining Leadership in Innovation
    • IMPROVING FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS
    • SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASING R&D FUNDING
    • INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR APPLIED RESEARCH
    • STRENGTHENING MANUFACTURING
    • PROVIDING EARLY-STAGE FINANCE
    • DEVELOPING TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY UNIVERSITIES
    • INVESTING IN MODERN S&T PARKS
    • GROWING INNOVATION CLUSTERS
    • HUNTING FOR GLOBAL TALENT
    • THE WAY FORWARD
  • 3. Findings
    • OUTLINE OF FINDINGS
    • FINDINGS IN DETAIL
  • 4. Recommendations
    • FOUR CORE GOALS
    • OUTLINE OF RECOMMENDATIONS
    • RECOMMENDATIONS
• II. GLOBAL INNOVATION POLICIES
  • 5. The New Global Competitive Environment
    • EMERGING POWERS
    • NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED ECONOMIES
    • INDUSTRIALIZED NATION CASE STUDIES
  • 6. National Support for Emerging Industries
    • SEMICONDUCTORS
    • THE PHOTOVOLTAIC INDUSTRY
    • ADVANCED BATTERIES
    • PHARMACEUTICALS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICALS
    • IN CLOSING
  • 7. Clusters and Regional Initiatives
    • THE INNOVATION CHALLENGE
    • POLICIES TO FOSTER INNOVATION
    • REGIONAL INNOVATION CLUSTERS
    • TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY PARKS
    • IN CLOSING
• APPENDIXES
  • Appendix A List of Workshops and Symposia for the Study of Comparative National Innovation Policies: Best Practice for the 21st Century
  • Appendix B Bibliography

This study was supported by Contract/Grant No. N01-OD-4-2139, TO #245, between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Institutes of Health; Contract/Grant No. DE-PI0000010, TO #15, between the National Academy of Sciences and the U.S. Department of Energy; Contract/Grant No. SB1341-03-C-0032 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Institute of Standards and Technology of the U.S. Department of Commerce; Contract/Grant No. OFED-858931 between the National Academy of Sciences and Sandia National Laboratories; and Contract/Grant No. NAVY-N00014-05-G-0288, DO #2, between the National Academy of Sciences and the Office of Naval Research.

Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.